Here is a detailed comparison between Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act and Vietnam's Health Insurance Law:
1. Coverage
- Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: Covers all citizens, including newborns, children, and the elderly, as well as foreign nationals who have been residing in Taiwan for more than 6 months.
- Vietnam's Health Insurance Law: Covers all citizens, including children, the elderly, and people with disabilities, as well as foreign nationals who have been residing in Vietnam for more than 6 months.
2. Financing
- Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: Financed through premiums paid by individuals, employers, and the government. The government also provides subsidies to low-income households and individuals.
- Vietnam's Health Insurance Law: Financed through premiums paid by individuals, employers, and the government. The government also provides subsidies to low-income households and individuals, as well as to people with disabilities and the elderly.
3. Benefits
- Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: Provides comprehensive coverage for medical services, including doctor visits, hospitalization, surgery, and medication. It also covers preventive care, such as health check-ups and vaccinations.
- Vietnam's Health Insurance Law: Provides coverage for medical services, including doctor visits, hospitalization, surgery, and medication. However, it does not cover all medical services, and some services may require additional payments.
4. Premiums
- Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: Premiums are calculated based on the individual's income and are deducted from their salary.
- Vietnam's Health Insurance Law: Premiums are calculated based on the individual's income and are deducted from their salary. However, the government also provides subsidies to low-income households and individuals.
5. Enrollment
- Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: Enrollment is mandatory for all citizens, and individuals must enroll within a certain period after birth or within 1 month of moving to Taiwan.
- Vietnam's Health Insurance Law: Enrollment is mandatory for all citizens, and individuals must enroll within a certain period after birth or within 1 month of moving to Vietnam.
6. Claim Process
- Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: Claim process is relatively straightforward, and individuals can submit claims online or through a designated healthcare provider.
- Vietnam's Health Insurance Law: Claim process is more complex, and individuals must submit claims through a designated healthcare provider and obtain approval from the health insurance authority before receiving treatment.
7. Appeal Process
- Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: Provides an appeal process for individuals who are denied coverage or have disputes with the health insurance authority.
- Vietnam's Health Insurance Law: Provides an appeal process for individuals who are denied coverage or have disputes with the health insurance authority. However, the process is more complex and may require additional documentation and approval.
8. Supervision and Management
- Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: The health insurance authority is responsible for supervising and managing the health insurance system, including setting premiums, approving claims, and monitoring healthcare providers.
- Vietnam's Health Insurance Law: The health insurance authority is responsible for supervising and managing the health insurance system, including setting premiums, approving claims, and monitoring healthcare providers. However, the government also plays a significant role in managing the healthcare system and setting healthcare policies.
9. Healthcare Providers
- Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: Healthcare providers must be licensed and registered with the health insurance authority to participate in the health insurance system.
- Vietnam's Health Insurance Law: Healthcare providers must be licensed and registered with the health insurance authority to participate in the health insurance system. However, the government also plays a significant role in managing and regulating healthcare providers.
10. International Cooperation
- Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act: Taiwan has international agreements with other countries, including the United States, Japan, and South Korea, to provide healthcare services to citizens who are traveling or living abroad.
- Vietnam's Health Insurance Law: Vietnam has international agreements with other countries, including the United States, Japan, and South Korea, to provide healthcare services to citizens who are traveling or living abroad. However, the agreements are limited and may require additional documentation and approval.
In summary, while both Taiwan's National Health Insurance Act and Vietnam's Health Insurance Law provide comprehensive coverage for medical services, there are significant differences in terms of coverage, financing, benefits, premiums, enrollment, claim process, appeal process, supervision and management, healthcare providers, and international cooperation.
以下是台灣國民健康保險法和越南保險法之間的差異：
1. 保險對象
- 台灣國民健康保險法：涵蓋所有國民，包括新生兒、兒童和長者，以及在台灣居住超過6個月的外籍人士。
- 越南保險法：涵蓋所有國民，包括兒童、長者和殘疾人士，以及在越南居住超過6個月的外籍人士。
2. 財務
- 台灣國民健康保險法：由個人、僱主和政府共同負擔，政府還為低收入戶和個人提供補助。
- 越南保險法：由個人、僱主和政府共同負擔，政府還為低收入戶和個人提供補助，另外還為殘疾人士和長者提供補助。
3. 保險內容
- 台灣國民健康保險法：提供全面的醫療服務，包括醫療諮詢、住院、手術和藥品等，還包括預防醫療服務，例如健康檢查和疫苗接種。
- 越南保險法：提供醫療服務，包括醫療諮詢、住院、手術和藥品等，但並不涵蓋所有醫療服務，某些服務可能需要額外付款。
4. 保險費
- 台灣國民健康保險法：保險費根據個人收入計算，從薪資中扣除。
- 越南保險法：保險費根據個人收入計算，從薪資中扣除，但政府還為低收入戶和個人提供補助。
5. 登記
- 台灣國民健康保險法：登記是強制性的，個人必須在出生後或遷移到台灣後1個月內登記。
- 越南保險法：登記是強制性的，個人必須在出生後或遷移到越南後1個月內登記。
6.索賠程序
- 台灣國民健康保險法：索賠程序相對簡單，個人可以線上或通過指定醫療機構提出索賠。
- 越南保險法：索賠程序較為複雜，個人需要通過指定醫療機構提出索賠，並獲得保險機構的批准後才能領取醫療服務。
7.抗議程序
- 台灣國民健康保險法：提供抗議程序，個人可以抗議保險機構的決定或有任何爭議。
- 越南保險法：提供抗議程序，個人可以抗議保險機構的決定或有任何爭議，但程序較為複雜，可能需要提供額外的文件和批准。
8. 監督和管理
- 台灣國民健康保險法：保險機構負責監督和管理保險系統，包括設定保險費、批准索賠和監督醫療機構。
- 越南保險法：保險機構負責監督和管理保險系統，包括設定保險費、批准索賘和監督醫療機構，但政府還扮演著重要的角色，包括制定保險政策和監督醫療機構。
9. 醫療機構
- 台灣國民健康保險法：醫療機構需要獲得保險機構的許可和註冊，才能參加保險系統。
- 越南保險法：醫療機構需要獲得保險機構的許可和註冊，才能參加保險系統，但政府還扮演著重要的角色，包括監督和管理醫療機構。
10. 國際合作
- 台灣國民健康保險法：台灣與其他國家簽訂國際協議，提供醫療服務給旅居或居住在海外的國民。
- 越南保險法：越南與其他國家簽訂國際協議，提供醫療服務給旅居或居住在海外的國民，但協議有限，可能需要提供額外的文件和批准。
總的來說，台灣國民健康保險法和越南保險法都提供了廣泛的醫療服務，但在保險對象、財務、保險內容、保險費、登記、索賘程序、抗議程序、監督和管理、醫療機構和國際合作等方面都存在著明顯的差異。